Radiographic imaging is an important diagnostic tool in dentistry. It offers useful information and data for
proper diagnosis, treatment planning and treatment follow-up. Despite the low level of ionizing radiation used, radiation
protection is necessary as evidence still suggests possible adverse effects that might be triggered by the low level
radiation. This review will discuss the fundamental concepts of the radiation protection specifically in dentistry:
justification, optimization and dose limits. Some practical approaches will be discussed and recommended for the
benefits of the dental society and patients. With the continuous development of imaging technology such as
cone-beam computed tomography and new digital sensors launched each year, evidence based approach is highly
recommended to develop clinical guidelines and recommendations. One must always keep in mind the fundamental
radiation protection principles and the As Low as Reasonably Achievable – ALARA principle.