The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of two aluminum chloride containing local hemostatic agents, Racestyptine and a local hemostatic agent prototype, Dent-Chula100^®. To determine cytotoxicity, primary human gingival and pulpal fibroblasts were treated with the local homeostatic agents at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 % (v/v) for 15 minutes. The MTT assay was used, with untreated cells serving as control. The biocompatibility test was performed using the lower incisors of twelve 8-week old male Sprague Dawley rats.The free gingival margin of the lower central incisors was temporarily displaced for 15 minutes using retraction cords soaked with Racestyptine or Dent-Chula100^®. Cords soaked with normal saline served as a control. Seven days after treatment, the lower jaws were dissected. The H&E stained tissue sections were histopathologically examined for four pathologic index scores; degree of sulcular epithelium damage, collagen fiber appearance and orientation, inflammation and vascular reaction. Two-way ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests were performed for statistical analysis of the in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively (p < 0.05). Our data revealed that Dent-Chula100^® at 5.0 % - 10.0 % significantly reduced gingival fibroblast cell viability compared with the control group (p < 0.05), while Racestyptine at 2.5 % - 10.0 % significantly decreased cell viability (p < 0.05). Both Dent-Chula100^® and Racestyptine at 2.5 % significantly reduced pulpal fibroblast cell viability (p < 0.05). The histopathological data indicated that the periodontal tissues did not incur any significant damage after exposure to Dent-Chula100^® or Racestyptine. In conclusion, the cytotoxicity of Dent-Chula100^® and Racestyptine was dose-dependent. The in vivo study revealed that both Dent-Chula100^® and Racestyptine were biocompatible with gingival tissues.