Orthodontic tooth movement is related to the remodeling of paradental structures which are dental pulp,
periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and gingiva. The changes occur in both clinical and cellular levels. The rates
of tooth movements depended on the characteristics of external force and biological responses of paradental
organs. Orthodontic force could modify periodontal ligament structures and the circulations. In these events, there
are several molecules playing the roles such as neurotransmitter, inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and
arachidonic acid metabolites. This inflammatory orchestration could promote the paradental microenvironment for
bone resorption and formation. The previous studies have been focused on the mechanisms of various cells such
as fibroblast, endothelial cell, osteoblast, and osteoclast. However, this literature would like to depict the neurologic
mechanisms in order to remodel the paradental structures in orthodontic tooth movement.